The recent launch of the UK’s Eye Care Data Hub has raised alarms about the future of eye health across the nation. According to the new data predictions, eye disease cases are set to increase significantly in the coming years. The data model forecasts a rise in conditions like age-related macular degeneration (AMD), primary open-angle glaucoma, and cataracts by as much as 24.4%, 15.9%, and 16.7%, respectively, over the next decade.
This is a concerning trend, especially considering the strain that current hospital capacities are under, with long waiting times and thousands of patients at risk of irreversible sight loss. As eye diseases are expected to surge, it’s more important than ever for individuals to be vigilant in recognising the early signs of these common conditions and to adopt habits that protect their vision.
Early signs of common eye diseases
AMD
AMD is a leading cause of sight loss in people over the age of 50. The condition affects the macula, the part of the eye responsible for central vision, leading to gradual blurring and loss of detail in the centre of the visual field. Per the NHS, symptoms of AMD can include difficulty reading small print, straight lines appearing wavy, or blurred vision when looking at faces or objects. AMD is often painless, making routine eye checks vital.
Glaucoma
Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that damage the optic nerve due to increased pressure inside the eye. Community-based findings indicate that glaucoma affects about 4% of the over-50 population in the UK. Early symptoms can be subtle, and many people do not experience pain or discomfort. In fact, many individuals with glaucoma don’t notice any problems until some vision loss has occurred. However, signs may include tunnel vision or loss of peripheral vision, which can progress slowly over time.
Cataracts
Cataracts occur when the lens of the eye becomes cloudy, leading to blurred vision and difficulty with night driving or reading. Early symptoms include a gradual decline in vision, sensitivity to glare, or seeing halos around lights. You might also experience difficulty with perceiving colours, which may seem faded or yellowed. Cataracts develop slowly, and while surgery can restore vision, timely intervention can help prevent further complications.
Tips for maintaining optimal vision
Protect your eyes from UV rays
A simple but highly effective way to protect your eyes from conditions like cataracts and AMD is by wearing sunglasses. UV rays from the sun damage your eyes, accelerating the development of eye diseases over time. When choosing sunglasses, experts advise people to look for models with 100% UV protection. The Oakley Holbrook sunglasses, for example, carry the CE mark, indicating that they block both harmful UVA and UVB rays. For individuals with existing eye conditions like glaucoma, the Holbrook’s darker lenses can also alleviate symptoms like photosensitivity.
Undergo regular eye tests
One of the most important habits to maintain good eye health is regular eye tests. Eye tests are crucial for detecting eye diseases promptly, particularly conditions that may not present any immediate symptoms. In addition to catching eye diseases, eye tests can reveal other underlying health issues, such as high blood pressure or diabetes. A recent case in Liverpool highlights the importance of routine eye tests—an eye exam led to the discovery of fluid buildup in a woman’s brain, potentially saving her life. The NHS recommends adults have their eyes tested at least every two years. For those in eligible groups, NHS sight tests are free of charge.
Consider taking eye health supplements
Maintaining a healthy diet and taking supplements can be another proactive step in preserving vision. Supplements such as omega-3 fatty acids maintain various cells’ structures while retaining their fluidity. In terms of eye health, supplements like the Boots Max Strength Omega 3 Fish Oil support retinal health and protect against AMD and dry eye syndrome. Multivitamins containing vitamins A, C, and E can also be beneficial. Vitamin C, in particular, is essential for combating oxidative damage which is known to trigger the development of cataracts. Regular intake of these supplements can help support long-term eye health.
As the UK faces an anticipated surge in eye disease cases, the importance of proactive eye care has never been clearer. By recognising the early signs of common eye diseases and following these simple preventive measures, individuals can take vital steps toward safeguarding their vision.